American, 1907-2002

George Rickey was an American artist whose Kinetic Art sculptures poeticized the medium of steel in a transformative manner, as seen in his hallmark work Breaking Columns (1989). “The object was for the pieces to perform as they could, and I wanted their movement to be slow, unhampered, deliberate—but at the same time unpredictable,” Rickey once explained. “As for shape, I wanted only the most ordinary shapes—simple, hackneyed, geometrical. I wanted whatever eloquence there was to come out of the performance of the piece—never out of the shape itself.” Born on June 6, 1907 in South Bend, IN, he grew up outside of Glasgow, where his father worked as an executive for the Singer Sewing Machine Company. Studying history at Baillol College in Oxford, he received his formal art training under Fernand Léger and Amédée Ozenfant at the Académie Lhote and the Académie Moderne in Paris. Despite beginning as a painter, while serving in World War II for the United States, Rickey worked as mechanic for gunnery and aircraft. His time working with machinery, revived his childhood interest in mechanical systems, and he began producing simple moving sculptures after the war. Over the years, his works were exhibited at The Museum of Modern Art in New York, documenta III in Kassel, and commissioned for several public spaces around the world. The artist died at the age of 95 on July 17, 2002 in Saint Paul, MN.

General
2002 Died on July 17th
1948 – 1950 Institute of Design, Chicago, Illinois
1947 Studied etching under Mauricio Lasansky, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
1945 – 1946 Institute of Fine Arts, New York University, New York, New York
1941 MA, Modern History, Balliol College, Oxford, England
1929 – 1930 Académie L’hote and Académie Moderne, Paris, France
1929 BA, Modern History, Balliol College, Oxford, England
1928 – 1929 Ruskin School of Drawing, Oxford, England
1907 Born in South Bend, Indiana, of New England heritage

Solo Exhibitions
2017 George Rickey: Sculpture from the Estate, Marlborough Fine Art, London, United Kingdom.
2016 George Rickey: Selected Works from the Estate 1954-2000, Marlborough Gallery, New York, New York, United States.
2015 George Rickey: Esculturas, Galeria Marlborough, Barcelona, Spain.
2013 George Rickey: Sculpture from the Estate, Marlborough Gallery, New York, New York, United States.
2012 George Rickey, Galerie Michael Haas, Berlin, Germany.
2011 Sculpture in the Streets, Downtown Albany Business Improvement District, Albany , New York , United States.
2010 George Rickey: Important Works from the Estate, Marlborough Chelsea, New York, New York, United States.
2009 – 2010 George Rickey: Arc of Development, South Bend Museum of Art, South Bend, Indiana, United States.
2009 A Life in Art: Works by George Rickey, Indianapolis Art Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States.
2008 George Rickey: An Evolution, Arts Council of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States.
2008 George Rickey, Kinetic Sculpture: A Retrospective, The McNay, Jane and Arthur Stieren Center for Exhibitions, San Antonio, Texas, United States.
2008 George Rickey: Selected Works from the George Rickey Estate, Marlborough Chelsea, New York, New York, United States.
2007 – 2009 George Rickey Sculpture: A Retrospective, Vero Beach Museum of Art, Vero Beach, Florida, United States. traveled to Frederik Meijer Gardens and Sculpture Park, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States; McNay Art Museum, San Antonio, Texas, United States.
2006 George Rickey, in conjunction with the group exhibition, Momentum: Selections from the Kinetic Art Organization, Grounds for Sculpture, Hamilton, New Jersey, United States.
2006 George Rickey Sculptures, Maxwell Davidson Gallery, New York, New York, United States.
2006 Deux Américains à Paris: Sculptures de George Rickey et Kenneth Snelson, Palais Royal, Paris, France.
2004 George Rickey: Retrospective, Maxwell Davidson Gallery, New York, New York, United States.
2003 Kinetische Skulpturen 1956-2000, Verlag der Galerie Brockstedt, Hamburg, Germany.
2003 George Rickey - Kinetische Skulpturen, Museum für Kunst und Gewerbe, Hamburg, Germany.
2002 Kunstpreis Finkenwerder 2002 - George Rickey, Airbus, Hamburg, Germany.
2001 George Rickey: Defining the Fourth Dimension, Maxwell Davidson Gallery, New York, New York, United States.
2001 George Rickey: A Tribute, University Art Museum, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, United States..
2000 Installation of Annular Eclipse V, organized by the City of New York Parks & Recreation, Park Avenue Malls Planting Projects, New York, New York, United States.
2000 George Rickey: A Retrospective 1958-2000, Soma Gallery, La Jolla, California, United States.
2000 George Rickey, Gallery Kasahara, Tokyo, Japan.
1999 George Rickey: Maquettes and drawings related to Crucifera IV, Birmingham Museum of Art, Birmingham, Alabama, United States.
1998 George Rickey, Veranneman Foundation, Kruishoutem, Belgium.
1997 George Rickey - Motion and Silence, Galerie Dr. István Schlégl, Zürich, Switzerland.
1997 George Rickey: Master of Kinetic Sculpture - In Celebration of His 90th Year, Carl Schlosberg Fine Arts, Los Angeles, California, United States.
1997 Important Early Sculptures 1951-65 - In Recognition of His 90th Year, Maxwell Davidson Gallery, New York, New York, United States.
1995 George Rickey: Recent Sculpture - In grateful memory of Edie Rickey, 1924-1995 – generous friend, gentle mentor, and humorous humanist, Maxwell Davidson Gallery, New York, New York, United States.
1994 Rickey: Sieben Kinetische Skulpturen, Galerie Utermann, and Harenberg Verlag, Dortmund, Germany.
1993 A Dialogue in Steel and Air: George Rickey, Philharmonic Center for the Arts, Naples, Florida, United States.
1993 George Rickey in Santa Barbara, University Art Museum, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States.
1992 George Rickey in Berlin l967-l992, Berlinische Galerie, Berlin, Germany.
1992 George Rickey: In Celebration of his 85th Year, Carl Schlosberg Fine Arts, Sherman Oaks, California, United States.
1991 George Rickey: Art of Movement, Katonah Museum of Art, Katonah, New York, United States.
1990 George Rickey - Sculptures l955-l990, Artcurial, Paris, France.
1990 George Rickey - Kinetic Sculptures, Galerie Utermann, Dortmund, Germany.
1989 George Rickey - Important Sculpture, Marianne Friedland Gallery, Toronto, Canada.
1989 In Celebration of Three Breaking Columns at Rotterdamse, Schouwburg, Museum Boijmans-van Beuningen, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
1989 George Rickey, Gallery Kasahara, Osaka, Japan.
1989 George Rickey: Two Exhibitions, John Berggruen Gallery, San Francisco, California, United States.
1988 George Rickey - Indoor/Outdoor Sculptures, Veranneman Foundation, Kruishoutem, Belgium.
1983 Skulpturen von George Rickey in Köln, Moderne Stadt, Cologne, West Germany.
1987 George Rickey: Projects for Public Sculpture, Neuberger Museum of Art, Purchase College, State University of New York, Purchase, New York, United States.
1987 George Rickey zum 80. Geburtstag, Galerie Pels Leusden, West Berlin, Germany. West Berlin, Germany; traveled to Galerie Schoeller, Düsseldorf, Germany.
1987 George Rickey, In Celebration of his Eightieth Year, Carl Schlosberg Fine Arts, Sherman Oaks, California, United States.
1987 Two Lines Excentric Jointed with Six Angles, Neuer Berliner Kunstverein, West Berlin, Germany.
1986 George Rickey in Bryant Park, concurrent exhibitions at Maxwell Davidson Gallery and Zabriskie Gallery, New York, New York, United States.
1985 George Rickey in South Bend, Art Center of South Bend, Indiana University of South Bend, Saint Mary's College, and the Snite Museum of Art, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana, United States.
1984 George Rickey Recent Sculptures, Inkfish Gallery, Denver, Colorado, United States
1984 Zeit und Bewegung im Werk von George Rickey, Josef Albers Museum Quadrat Bottrop, Bottrop, Germany.
1984 George Rickey Kinetische Freiplastiken 1972-1984, Bauhaus-Archiv, West Berlin, Germany.
1984 George Rickey, Galerie Schoeller, Düsseldorf, Germany.
1982 George Rickey, New Orleans Plus 30, Art Gallery, Newcomb College, Tulane University, New Orleands, Louisiana, United States.
1982 George Rickey: 30 Years of His Art, Maxwell Davidson Gallery, New York, New York, United States.
1982 George Rickey - Kinetic Sculpture on Clydeside, Custom House Quay, St. Enoch Exhibition Centre and Carlton Place, Glasgow, Scotland. with the support of the Scottish Arts Council and Glasgow District Council; traveled to Yorkshire Sculpture Park,Yorkshire, England; Manor House, Ilkley, England.
1981 George Rickey, Musée d’Art Contemporain, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
1981 George Rickey, Gimpel-Hanover+Andre Emmerich Galerien, Zürich, Switzerland.
1980 George Rickey at Makler Gallery, Makler Gallery, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.
1979 George Rickey - Retrospective Exhibition, The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York, New York, United States.
1979 Skulpturen Material Technik, Amerika Haus, Berlin, West Germany.
1978 George Rickey - Mobile Skulpturen, Gimpel & Hanover Galerie, Zürich, Switzerland.
1978 George Rickey, Gallery Kasahara, Osaka, Japan.
1977 George Rickey, Dag Hammarskjold Plaza, New York, New York, United States.
1977 George Rickey - Kinetische Skulpturen, Städtische Galerie im Städelschen Kunstinstitut, Frankfurt, West Germany.
1976 George Rickey - Kinetische Objekte Material und Technik, Kunsthalle der Stadt, Bielefeld, West Germany.
1975 George Rickey, Fordham University Plaza at Lincoln Center and Staempfli Gallery, New York, New York, United States.
1974 George Rickey, Galerie Espace NV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
1974 Sculpture of George Rickey, Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania, United States.
1973 George Rickey, Kestner-Gesellschaft, Hannover, Germany.
1973 George Rickey, Nationalgalerie, West Berlin, Germany.
1973 George Rickey, Galerie Buchholz, Munich, Germany.
1972 Sculpture by George Rickey, shown in conjuction with the exhibition, Constructivist Tendencies, Museum of Art, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States.
1971 George Rickey Retrospective Exhibition 1951-71, UCLA Art Council and UCLA Art Galleries, Los Angeles, California, United States. (traveling exhibition)
1970 Recent Kinetic Sculpture by George Rickey, Whatcom Museum of History and Art, Bellingham, Washington, United States.
1969 George Rickey, Haus am Waldsee, West Berlin, Germany.
1968 Mack Rickey, Halfmannshof, Gelsenkirchen, Germany.
1967 Recent Kinectic Sculpture, Walker Art Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States.
1966 George Rickey: Sixteen Years of Kinetic Sculpture, The Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., United States.
1964 George Rickey: Kinetic Sculptures, Institute of Contemporary Art, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.
1963 George Rickey: Kinetic Sculpture, Hyde Park Art Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States.
1962 George Rickey, Düsseldorf Kunsthalle, Kunstverein für die Rheinlande und Westfalen, Düsseldorf, Germany.
1961 George Rickey: Kinetic Sculpture, Kraushaar Gallery, New York, New York, United States.
1960 Kinetic Sculpture: George Rickey, Santa Barbara Museum of Art, Santa Barbara, California, United States.
1956 Kinetic Sculpture and Machines, Isaac Delgado Museum of Art, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States.
1955 George Rickey: Machines Kinetic Sculptures Mobiles, Kraushaar Galleries, New York, New York, United States.
1953 Mobile Sculpture, John Herron Art Museum, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States.
1935 Denver Art Museum, Denver, Colorado, United States.
1933 Caz-Delbo Gallery, New York, New York, United States.

Group Exhibitions
2016 Large Sculptures, Marlborough Gallery, New York, New York, United States.
2012 Abstraction : What is Real, Edelman Arts, New York, New York, United States.
2011 Picasso to Koons: The Artist as Jeweler, Museum of Arts and Design, New York, New York, United States.
2011 Summer Group Exhibition, Marlborough Gallery, New York, New York, United States.
2011 Motor Cocktail: Sound and Movement in Art of the 1960s, Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States.
2011 A Taste for the Modern: Gifts from Blanchette Hooker Rockefeller, Edna Bryner Schwab, and Virginia Herrick Deknatel , Frances Lehman Loeb Art Center, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, New York, United States.
2011 Glorious Century: Modern and Contemporary Art, 1910-2010, Monterey Museum of Art, Monterey, California, United States.
2011 Constructivists: Kenneth Snelson and George Rickey, Marlborough Gallery, New York, New York, United States.
2009 Art in the Garden, LongHouse Reserve, East Hampton, New York, United States.
2009 Summer Exhibition, Marlborough Chelsea, New York, New York, United States.
2009 Rites of Spring, LongHouse Reserve, East Hampton, New York, United States.
2009 As Time Goes By, Berlinische Galerie, Berlin, Germany.
2009 The Art Show, rganized by the Art Dealer’s Association of America, Park Avenue Armory, New York, New York, United States. (with Maxwell Davidson Gallery)
2008 Yaddo: Making American Culture, The New York Public Library, New York, New York, United States.
2008 Shanghai Art Fair 2008, Shanghai MART, Shanghai, China. (with Marlborough)
2008 – 2009 Sculpture from the Mouse House: The Olga Hirshhorn Collection at the Corcoran, Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., United States.
2005 Collection, Scott White Contemporary Art, San Diego, California, United States.
2004 Sculptors Guild 2004-05, White Plains Library Plaza, White Plains, New York, United States.
2004 Around the World in Forty Years, Department of States, Washington, D.C., United States.
2004 Works and Days, Louisiana Museum, Humlebæk, Denmark, United States.
2003 Interact/react, Minnesota Museum of American Art, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States.
2003 Ein Rückblick als Stiftung, Galerie Schoeller, Düsseldorf, Germany. Leopold-Hoesch-Museum, Düren, Germany.
2002 Paarungen - Künstlerische Positionen im Dialog, Berlinische Galerie, Berlin, Germany.
2001 Modern Sculptures, Gallery Kasahara, Tokyo, Japan.
2001 Hand Hollow Fellows, Fine Arts Work Center, Provincetown, Massachusetts, United States.
2000 Art & Mathematics 2000, The Cooper Union, Humanities Gallery and Brooks Design Center, New York, New York, United States. traveled to Koussevitzky Art Center, Berkshire Community College, Pittsfield, Massachusetts, United States.
2000 Form and Movement in the 20th Century – Homage to Denise René, Tsukuba Museum of Art, Tsukuba, Japan.
2000 Crossroads of American Sculpture, Indianapolis Museum of Art, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States.
2000 International Sculpture Festival: Contemporary American Sculpture, Casino Gardens, Monte Carlo, Monaco.
2000 Welded Sculpture of the 20th Century, Neuberger Museum of Art, Purchase College, State University of New York, Purchase, New York, United States.
1999 Celebrating Sculpture – Personal Visions and Universal Themes: Aspects of American Sculpture Since 1945, The Marion Koogler McNay Art Museum, San Antonio, Texas, United States.
1999 World Artists At The Millennium, The United Nations Visitors Lobby, United Nations, New York, New York, United States.
1998 Sculpture in the Garden 1998, The Renaissance Guild, The Berkshire Botanical Garden, Stockbridge, Massachusetts, United States.
1997 Schwebend - Heiter, Galerie Pels Leusden, Kampen/Sylt, Germany.
1997 Biennial Exhibition of Public Art, Neuberger Museum of Art, Purchase College, State University of New York, Purchase, New York, United States.
1996 Lumiere et Mouvement, Galerie Denise René, Paris, France.
1995 Twentieth Century American Sculpture at the White House: a Southeast Region Exhibition, The White House, Washington, D.C., United States.
1994 The Constructive Vocabulary, An American Vision, Galerie Dr. Istvân Schlégl, Zürich, Switzerland.
1994 Girouettes, Musee Matisse, Le Cateau-Cambrésis, France
1993 Akademie 1993, Akademie der Künste, Berlin, Germany.
1993 In the Sculptor’s Landscape, Franklin D. Murphy Sculpture Garden, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States.
1992 L'Art en Mouvement, Fondation Maeght, Saint-Paul-de-Vence, France.
1991 Schwerelos, Schloss Charlottenburg, Grosse Orangerie, Berlin, Germany.
1991 Abstract Sculpture in America: 1930-1970, American Federation of Arts, New York, New York, United States.
1990 Master Works Modern and Contemporary, Marianne Friedland Gallery, Toronto, Canada.
1990 Downtown Kinetic, USX Tower, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, with Calder, Oppenheim, Borofsky Sculpture 90, Fendrick Galley, Washington, Pennsylvania, United States.
1989 Balancing Act, Mount Holyoke College Art Museum, South Hadley, Massachusetts, United States.
1987 Masters of Contemporary Sculptures, Hyundai Gallery, Seoul, South Korea.
1987 Movement & Modern Art, Museum of Modern Art, Saitama, Japan.
1987 Skulpturenboulevard – Kurfürstendamm - Kunst im öffentlichen Raum 1987, Kurfürstendamm, West Berlin, Germany.
1987 162nd Annual Exhibition, National Academy of Design, New York, New York, United States.
1986 An American Renaissance, Painting and Sculpture since 1940, Museum of Art, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States.
1986 Elders of the Tribe, Bernice Steinbaum Gallery, New York, New York, United States.
1985 New Otto Dix - George Rickey, Roswitha Haftmann Modern Art, Zürich, Switzerland, United States.
1985 The Maximal Implications of the Minimal Line, Bard College Center, Edith C. Blum Art Institute, Annandale-on-Hudson, New York, United States.
1984 Masters of Modern and Contemporary Sculpture, Marlborough Gallery, New York, New York, United States.
1984 Citywide Contemporary Sculpture Exhibition, The Toledo Museum of Art, Toledo, Ohio, United States.
1983 Minimalism to Expressionism, Whitney Museum of Art, New York, New York, United States.
1983 Sculpture- The Tradition in Steel, Nassau County Museum of Fine Art, Roslyn Harbor, New York, United States.
1983 Sculpture Veksølund 1983, Veksølund, Veksø, Denmark.
1982 Spielraum – Raumspiele, Der Alten Oper, Stadt Frankfurt, West Germany.
1982 Contemporary Sculpture at Chesterwood, Chesterwood, Stockbridge, Massachusetts, United States.
1982 Group Exhibition, John Berggruen Gallery, San Francisco, California, United States.
1982 The First International Shoebox Sculpture Exhibition, The University of Hawaii, Art Gallery, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States.
1981 – 1982 Bewegung, Real – Irreal, Galerie Schoeller, Düsseldorf, West Germany.
1980 Arts Council of Great Britain and Rijksmuseum, Krõller-Müller, Otterlo, The Netherlands.
1980 Pier+Ocean, Hayward Gallery, London, England.
1980 Urban Encounters – Art, Architecture Audience, Institute of Contemporary Art, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.
1979 Constructivism and the Geometric Tradition, Selections from the McCrory Corporation Collection, Albright-Knox Art Gallery, Buffalo, New York, United States.
1978 Monuments and Monoliths – A Metamorphosis, Nassau County Museum of Fine Arts, Roslyn Harbor, New York, United States.
1977 Systhema, Kunstmuseum Amos Anderson, Helsinki, Finland.
1976 200 Years of American Sculpture, Whitney Museum of American Art, New York, New York, United States.
1976 American Welders 1950’s – 1960’s, Zabriskie Gallery, New York, New York, United States.
1975 Sixty Years on the Arts Club Stage, The Arts Club of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States.
1974 Monumenta A Biennial Exhibition of Outdoor Sculpture, Monumenta Newport Inc., Newport, Rhode Island, United States.
1974 The Making of a Museum: Neuberger Museum of Art, Purchase College, State University of New York, Purchase, New York, United States.
1973 George Rickey, Kestner Gesellschaft, Hannover, West Germany.
1972 The Non-Objective World, Annely Judy Fine Art, London, England.
1972 Drawing in Space 19 American Sculptors, The Katonah Gallery, Katonah, New York, United States.
1971 Monumental Sculpture for Public Spaces, City Hall Plaza, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.
1971 11th International Biennial Outdoor Sculpture Show, Middleheim Museum, Antwerp, Belgium.
1970 Noguchi & Rickey & Smith, Indiana University Art Museum, Bloomington, Indiana, United States.
1970 Kinetics, Arts Council of Great Britain, Hayward Gallery, London, England.
1969 Nagare, Bill, Rickey, Tokyo Gallery, Tokyo, Japan.
1969 International sculpture symposium, Expo ’70, Osaka, Japan.
1969 Biennale 1969 Nürnberg – Konstruktive Kunst: Elemente und Prinzipien, Kunsthalle, Nürnberg, West Germany.
1968 From Constructivism to Kinetic Art, Detroit Gallery, Detroit, Michigan, United States.
1968 Group Exhibition, Documenta IV, Kassel, West Germany.
1968 34’ Biennale Internazionale d’Arte, Venezia Biennale 1968, Venice, Italy.
1967 Guggenheim International Exhibition 1967 – Sculpture from Twenty Nations, The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York, New York, United States.
1967 Jewelry by Contemporary Painters and Sculptors, Museum of Modern Art, New York, New York, United States.
1967 Art et Mouvement, Musée D’Art Contemporain, Montreal, Canada.
1967 Vom Konstruktivismus zur Kinetik 1917 bis 1967, Galerie Denise René - Hans Mayer, Krefeld, West Germany.
1967 American Sculpture of the Sixties, Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Los Angeles, California, United States
1967 Structures Lumière Mouvement 1=100, Denise René, Paris, France.
1966 Obelisk without an Eye, Walker Art Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States.
1966 Interview with Denise René, Galerie Denise René, Paris, France.
1965 Amerikanische Plastik USA 20, Jahrhund, Deutsche Gesellschaft fûr Bildende Kunst (Kunstverein Berlin), Berlin, Germany. Staatliche Kunsthalle, Baden-Baden, West Germany.
1965 Lumiere Mouvement et Optique, Palais des Beaux-Arts de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
1965 Icht und bewegung/kinetische kunst im garten: neue tendenzen der architektur, Kunsthalle Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
1965 Etats-Unis Sculptures du xx e Siècle, Musée Rodin, Paris, France.
1965 nul negentienhonderd vijf en zestig, Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
1965 Aktuell 65 -Nouvelle Tendance-recherche continuelle, Galerie Aktuell, Bern, Switzerland.
1964 Mouvement 2, Galerie Denise Rene, Paris, France.
1964 Documenta III Kassel ‘64, Documenta III, Kassel, West Germany. Galerie Delta, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
1964 George Rickey – Ulfert Wilke, The Art Center, Kalamazoo Institute of Art, Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States.
1963 Sculpture in the open air, Battersea Park, London, England.
1962 Hann Trier George Rickey, Altbau der Kunsthalle, Kunstverein, Hamburg, Germany.
1961 Bewogen Beweging, Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. in cooperation with Moderna Museet, Stockholm, Sweden; Rörelse I Konsten, Stockholm, Sweden.
1960 A Sampling of Contemporary Painting and Sculpture, Dallas Museum of Fine Arts, Dallas, Texas, United States.
1959 Recent Sculpture U.S.A., Museum of Modern Art, New York, New York, United States.
1958 The New Landscape in Art and Science, American Federation of Arts, New York, New York, United States.
1957 The Sphere of Mondrian, Contemporary Art Museum, Houston, Texas, United States.
1957 Windblown Mobiles – Lovely Useless Motio, Amerika-Haus, Hamburg, West Germany.
1955 A selection of contemporary American Sculpture, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States.
1954 Momentum Midcontinental 1948-1954, Institute of Design, Chicago, Illinois, United States.
1954 5th Annual Michiana Regional Art Exhibition, South Bend Art Association, South Bend, Indiana, United States.
1953 1953 Annual Exhibition, Whitney Museum of American Art, New York, New York, United States.
1952 Forty-Fifth Annual Indiana Artists Exhibition, John Herron Art Museum, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States.
1952 One Hundred and Forty-Seventh Annual Exhibition of Painting and Sculpture, Pennsylvania Academy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.
1951 American Sculpture 1951, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, New York, United States.
1949 One Hundred and Eight American Drawings, Albany Institute of History and Art, Albany, New York, United States.
1948 Forty-Seventh Annual Exhibition, Isaac Delgado Museum of Art, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States.
1947 Forty-Sixth Annual Exhibition, Isaac Delgado Museum of Art, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States.
1947 American Drawings for 1947, Albany Institute of History and Art, Albany, New York, United States.
1946 Oil paintings and Sculpture, Oakland Art Gallery, Oakland, California, United States.
1945 Soldier Art, The National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., United States.
1940 Art in a Democracy, American Artists Congress, New York, New York, United States.

Public Collections
Frances Lehman Loeb Art Center, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, New York, United States
Gibbs Farm, Kaipara, New Zealand
Sondra & Marvin Smalley Family Sculpture Garden at American Jewish University, Los Angeles, California, United States
The Sondra and Marvin Smalley Family Sculpture Garden, Bel-Air, California, United States
Carnegie Museum of Art, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft, Munich, Germany
Williams College Museum, Williamstown, Massachusetts, United States
Whitney Museum of American Art, New York, New York, United States
Walker Art Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
The Toledo Museum of Art, Toledo, Ohio, United States
Tel Aviv Museum, Tel Aviv, Israel
Tate Gallery, London, England
Snite Museum, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana, United States
Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington, D.C., United States
Smith College Museum of Art, Northampton, Massachusetts, United States
Shizuoka Museum, Shizuoka, Japan
Santa Barbara Museum of Art, Santa Barbara, California, United States
San Diego Museum of Art, San Diego, California, United States
Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
Rijksmuseum Kröller-Müller, Otterlo, The Netherlands
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, United States
Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States
Phoenix Art Museum, Phoenix, Arizona, United States
Olympiad of Art, Olympic Center, Seoul, South Korea
Oakland Museum of California, Oakland, California, United States
The Newark Museum, Newark, New Jersey, United States
New Orleans Museum of Art, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
Neues Medizinsches Institut, Heidelberg, Germany, United States
Neuberger Museum of Art, Purchase College, State University of New York, Purchase, New York, United States
Neubau des Physikzentrums, Kiel, Germany
Neu Perlach, Munich, Germany
The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, Kansas City, Missouri, United States
National Gallery of Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland
National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., United States
The Museum of Modern Art, New York, New York, United States
Museum of Fine Arts, Dallas, Texas, United States
The Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles, California, United States
Museum of Art, Long Beach, California, United States
Museum of Art, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
Museum of Art, Fort Wayne, Indiana, United States
Museum of Art, Columbus, Ohio, United States
Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Musée de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
Moderne Galerie (Joseph Albers Museum), Quadrat-Bottrop, Bottrop, Germany
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, New York, United States
Memorial Art Gallery of the University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States
Frederik Meijer Gardens and Sculpture Park, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States
The Marion Koogler McNay Art Museum, San Antonio, Texas, United States
Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Los Angeles, California, United States
Laumeier Sculpture Park, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
Landtag Nordrhein-Westfalen, Düsseldorf, Germany
Kunsthalle der Stadt, Berlin, Germany
Kunsthalle, Hamburg, Germany
Kansai University, Osaka, Japan
Hyogo Prefectural Museum, Kobe, Japan
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Washington, D.C., United States
The High Museum of Art, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
Henkel GmbH, Düsseldorf, Germany
Hara Museum of Contemporary Art, Tokyo, Japan
Hakone Open-Air Museum, Tokyo, Japan
Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York, New York, United States
The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles, California, United States
DeCordova Museum and Sculpture Park, Lincoln, Massachusetts, United States
Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., United States
City Art Gallery, Auckland, New Zealand
Iris & B. Gerald Cantor Center for Visual Arts, Stanford, California, United States
Berlinische Galerie, Berlin, Germany
Bayerische Staatsgemäldesammlungen, Munich, Germany
Bayerische Hypotheken-und Vechsel-Bank, AG, Munich, Germany
Baltimore Museum of Art, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
Am Justizzentrum, Cologne, Germany
Albright-Knox Art Gallery, Buffalo, New York, United States
Albertina Museum, Vienna, Austria

Catalogues and Monographs
2011 Marlborough Inc.. Constructivists: George Rickey and Kenneth Snelson. New York: Marlborough Gallery.
2010 Marlborough Inc.. George Rickey: Important Works from the Estate. New York: Marlborough Chelsea.
2008 Marlborough Inc.. Selected Works from the George Rickey Estate. New York: Marlborough Chelsea.

Bibliography
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2012 Levinson, Peggy. "The Gold Standard on Turtle Creek." D Magazine, January-February
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2012 Zekas, Rita. "Rose Reisman celebrates healthy living." Your Home, June 04, 2012
2011 Anonymous. "Important design 2011. Wright auction." Design Applause, December 01, 2011
2011 Anonymous. "Sculpture Back." Times Union, October 29, 2011
2011 Bennett, Steve. "Chiego observes 20 years at museum." My San Antonio, October 16, 2011
2011 Hodara, Susan. "Celebrating a Connection to Three Collectors." The New York Times, July 08, 2011
2011 Ilnytzky, Ula. "NYC Exhibit Focuses On Jewelry By Famous Artists." Associated Press, September 28, 2011
2011 Janario, Michael. "George Rickey Sculpture in the Streets of Albany." Times Union, July 20, 2011
2011 Keyser, Tom. "Sculpture as jazz." Times Union, June 24, 2011
2011 Keyser, Tom. "Sculptures gracing Albany." Times Union, June 17, 2011
2011 Keyser, Tom. "Sculptures gracing Albany." Times Union , June 17, 2011
2011 Keyser, Tom. "Take time to ‘talk’ with a sculpture." Times Union, June 18, 2011
2011 MacCash, Doug. "The New Orleans Museum of Art celebrates a century of bringing art to the masses." The Times-Picayune, December 11, 2011
2011 Murg, Stephanie. "Classic Modernism." Art + Auction June 2011, vol. XXXIV, no. 10, p.44
2011 Newell Peacock, Leslie. "A clearer picture of Crystal Bridges." Arkansas Times, October 26, 2011
2011 Peacock, Leslie Newell. "Eye Candy." Arkansas Times, October 24, 2011
2011 Ryce, Walter. "Two stunning Monterey Museum of Art exhibits break down the barrier between viewer and installation." Monterey County Weekly, May 05, 2011
2011 Schwendener, Martha. "Populism, Technology and Interactivity." The New York Times, August 26, 2011
2011 Staff. "Connections: Kinetic Art." Off the Wall, July 16, 2011
2011 Staff. "Vassar College’s Art Center Highlights Three Collectors and 48 Outstanding Works." Art Daily, June 26, 2011
2011 Stump, Stacey. "George Rickey’s ‘The Art of a Kinetic Sculptor'." The Free George, July 18, 2011
2011 Vielkind, Jimmy. "Plaza sculpture will soon twirl again." Times Union, October 11, 2011
2010 Marlborough Chelsea. George Rickey: Important Works from the Estate. New York: Marlborough Chelsea, 2010
2009 Anonymous. "Citygarden the New ST. Louis Sculpture Park Opens to the Public." Art Knowledge News, July 03, 2009
2009 Bauer, Marilyn. "George Rickey sculpture fines home in Vero Beach museum." TCPalm, May 07, 2009
2009 Boneti, David. "Spectacular Citygarden is opening on schedule in St. Louis." The St. Louis Post-Dispatch, June 28, 2009
2009 Laneri, Raquel. "Why We Love—And Need—Public Art: From New York to Indianapolis, it transforms people as well as cities." Forbes, May 05, 2009
2009 Marshall, Konrad. "Blowing in the Wind: Artist George Rickey’s Kinetic Sculptures were shaped by his time at IU." The Indianapolis Star, May 03, 2009
2009 Marshall, Konrad. "Hoosier’s sculptures dedicated at City Market." The Indianapolis Star, May 05, 2009
2009 Marshall, Konrad. "Q & A with Philip Rickey." The Indianapolis Star, May 03, 2009
2009 Marshall, Konrad. "Steel that moves in breeze will follow city’s tire art." The Indianapolis Star, April 08, 2009
2009 Ostrow, Saul. "George Rickey: Marlborough Chelsea and Maxwell Davidson." Art in America, no. 2, February 01, 2009, pp. 133-134
2009 Pitcher, John. "Bright Future Ahead; Opening Sculpture Garden is only the beginning." Omaha World-Herald, June 07, 2009
2009 Robertson, Jean, and Craig McDaniel. Themes of Contemporary Art: Visual Art After 1980. 2nd ed.. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009, p. 120
2008 Anonymous. "The McNay Mounts a Major Retrospective of the Kinetic Sculptures of George Rickey." Art Daily, October 20, 2008
2008 Goddard, Dan R. "George Rickey’s moving sculptures make a stir in McNay Retrospective." My SA, October 19, 2008
2008 Marshall, Konrad. "Next public art will be blowing in the wind: 10 kinetic sculptures by Indiana-born George Rickey to be in town May 5 to Sept. 7." Indystar, January 09, 2008
2008 McLaughlin, Kathleen. "George Rickey public art arriving in downtown Indianapolis in May." Indianapolis Business Journal, January 09, 2008
2008 McLaughlin, Kathleen. "UPDATE: Rickey was safe move for arts guru." Indianapolis Business Journal, November 20, 2008
2008 Spiegelman, Willard. "A Modern Miscellany: The McNay Art Museum." The Wall Street Journal, November 12, 2008 p. D15
2004 Davidson, Maxwell, III. George Rickey: The Early Works. Atglen: Schiffer Books, Ltd., 2004
2002 Anderson, Dennis, and Glenn Lowry. The Governor Nelson A. Rockefeller Empire State Art Collection and Plaza Memorials. New York: Rizzoli Internation Publishing, Inc., 2002
2002 Antenucci Becherer, Joseph. Gardens of Art: The Sculpture Park at the Frederick Meijer Gardens. Singapore: CS Graphics Pte., Ltd., 2002
2000 Anonymous. Earth, Sky, and Sculpture: Storm King Art Center. Mountainville: Storm King Art Center, 2000
1992 Anonymous. George Rickey in Berlin 1967 – 1992, Berlinische Galerie, Museum für Moderne Kunst, Phographie und Architektur Im Martin-Gropius Bau. Berlin: Ars Nicolai GmbH, 1992
1988 Goodman, Jonathan. "The Public Art of George Rickey." Arts Magazine, May 01, 1988
1988 Gruen, John. "Artist’s Dialogue: George Rickey, Choreography of Steel." Architectural Digest, June 01, 1988
1988 Tomii, Reiko. Between Two Continents: George Rickey, Kinetic Art and Constructivism, 1949-1968. Austin: The University of Texas at Austin, 1988 (PhD dissertation)
1987 Langer, Werner. "Die Paradoxen Plastiken – George Rickey in der Villa Grisebach." Der Tagesspiegel
1987 Raynor, Vivien. "George Rickey at the Neuberger: Movement and Balance." The New York Times
1986 Hobbs, Robert. The University of Iowa Museum of Art: 101 Masterworks. Iowa City: The Museum, 1986
1985 Siegel, Jeanne. Artwords, Discourse on the 60's and 70's. Ann Arbor: UMI Press, 1985
1982 Henry, Clare. "George Rickey’s Kinetic Sculptures." Glasgow Herald
1981 Mahlow, Dietrich. l00 Jahre Metalplastik: l00 Years of Metal Sculpture. Frankfurt Am Main: Metall Gesellschaft A.G., 1981
1980 Gruen, John. "The Sculpture of George Rickey: Silent Movement Performing in a World of its Own." Art News, April 01, 1980
1979 Russel, John. "Art: 86 Mobiles by George Rickey." The New York Times
1979 Wallach, Amei. "George Rickey: Kinetic Choreography in Steel." Newsday
1977 Rosenthal, Nan. George Rickey. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1977
1976 Armstrong, Thomas. 200 years of American Sculpture. New York: David R. Godine, 1976
1972 Kramer, Hilton. "The Irony of Constructivism." The New York Times, October 29, 1972
1971 Brown, Gordon. "George Rickey at Staempfli." Arts, June 01, 1971
1971 Kainen, Jacob. "George Rickey's Moving Sculptures Display Elegance and Strength." The Washington Post, June 13, 1971
1971 Shirey, David L. "George Rickey's Kinetic Constructions Are Shown." The New York Times, May 01, 1971
1970 Riedl, Peter Anselm. "George Rickey: Kinetische Objekte." In Werkmonographien zur Bildenden Kunst, Nr. 141. Stuttgart: Philipp Reclam jun., 1970
1969 Anonymous. "Engineer of Movement." Time Magazine, November 04, 1969
1969 Goldwater, Robert. What is Modern Sculpture?. New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1969
1969 Roters, Eberhard. George Rickey- ein Portrat. Bericht aus Berlin: Kunst 5, 1969
1967 Seldis, Henry J. "Sculpture of the Sixties." The Los Angeles Times, June 04, 1967
1965 Rose, Barbara. "Looking at American Sculpture." Artforum, February 01, 1965
1964 Read, Herbert. A Concise History of Modern Sculpture. New York: Frederick A. Praeger, 1964
1962 Secunda, Arthur. "Two Motion Sculptors: Tinguely and Rickey." Artforum, June 01, 1962
1959 Adlow, Dorothy. "Rickey's Kinetic Sculptures." The Christian Science Monitor, January 17, 1959

AWARDS:
1999 Lifetime Achievement in Contemporary Sculpture Award